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WCAG 2.1

1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded)

Level A success criterion

Provide captions for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media, except when the media is clearly labeled as an alternative for text.

Why it matters

Captions allow deaf and hard-of-hearing users to access video content. They also help users in noisy environments or when audio cannot be played.

Common violations

  • Videos without any captions
  • Auto-generated captions with significant errors
  • Captions that don't include speaker identification
  • Missing captions for sound effects and music

Code examples

Bad

<video src="tutorial.mp4" controls></video>

Good

<video controls>
  <source src="tutorial.mp4">
  <track kind="captions" src="tutorial-en.vtt" srclang="en" label="English" default>
</video>

How to fix

Add synchronized captions using WebVTT or SRT files. Include all dialogue, speaker identification, and relevant sound effects. Review auto-generated captions for accuracy.

Related criteria

1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded)1.2.4 Captions (Live)1.2.3 Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded)

Related resources

Coursera accessibility scoreUdemy accessibility scoreKhan Academy accessibility scoreWordPress accessibility guideShopify accessibility guideSquarespace accessibility guide

Test & fix this criterion

Use these free tools and guides to check and fix 1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded) violations:

Free accessibility checker — find WCAG violations automaticallyColor contrast checker — test contrast ratiosHow to fix common WCAG failuresTop 10 most common WCAG failures

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